{"id":"40bfc235-f664-4a69-823d-187668a0c756","slug":"hydrocephalus-in-children-a-rare-case-of-pineal-cavernoma-and-literature-review","title":"Hydrocephalus in children – A rare case of pineal cavernoma and literature review","authors":["Ricardo Malcata Nogueira","Luis Santos Cardoso","Lino Fonseca","Miguel Correia","Amets Iraneta","Pedro Roque","Mario Matos","Manuela Mafra"],"abstract":"Background: Cavernous malformations prevalence ranges from 0.4 to 0.6% and accounts for 5–15% of all central nervous system vascular malformations. Pineal cavernomas constitute <1% of all locations published in the literature, with a total of 26 cases reported, only 5 regarding the pediatric population until 2020. Overall annual hemorrhage rate is 2.4%. Symptoms are often due to hydrocephalus and intracranial hypertension. Case Description: We report a case of a 5-year-old child with visual disturbances, headache, and progressive neurologic deterioration. MR showed a lesion in the pineal region and triventricular hydrocephalus. She was submitted to endoscopic third ventriculostomy and total excision of the lesion by the infratentorial supracerebellar approach a few days later. Histopathological examination confirmed a pineal cavernous malformation. The patient returned to her normal life without any neurologic deficit and a normal development. Conclusion: The ideal treatment is primary lesion removal; however, due to the infrequency and because it is a curable lesion, studies seeking to deepen the knowledge of this disease are considered relevant.","thumbnailUrl":"https://sni-digital-videos.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/40bfc235-f664-4a69-823d-187668a0c756/featured/hero-1781563140097.png","publishDate":"2020-09-18T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.25259/SNI_231_2020","categories":["Pediatric Neurosurgery","Case Report"],"fullTextUrl":"https://surgicalneurologyint.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/10268/SNI-11-294.pdf"}