{"id":"2e3896b4-28f5-423c-ab4a-a393bd816138","slug":"modified-pure-endoscopic-approach-mapend-in-neurosurgery","title":"Modified pure endoscopic approach (MAPEnd) in neurosurgery","authors":["Joham Choque-Velasquez","Franklin Miranda-Solis","Roberto Colasanti","Juha Hernesniemi"],"abstract":"Background: The Modified Pure Endoscopic Approach (MAPEnd) is an innovative surgical model designed for neurosurgical training, particularly for accessing the pineal region. This approach utilizes a 5.5 mm flexible borescope and is performed entirely under endoscopic vision, distinguishing it from traditional endoscopic-assisted procedures. Summary: The MAPEnd model was demonstrated through various neurosurgical approaches, including subfrontal, retrosigmoid, subtemporal, and anterior interhemispheric routes. The model's affordability and accessibility make it suitable for young neurosurgeons and training institutions, particularly in economically challenging environments. Conclusion: The MAPEnd model presents a cost-effective alternative for neurosurgical training, potentially enhancing the accessibility of microsurgical endoscopic techniques in low-income settings. With proper validation, it may also serve as a valuable tool for clinical procedures. Keywords: neurosurgery, endoscopic surgery, training model, pineal region, affordability, surgical techniques, skull base, microsurgery","thumbnailUrl":"https://sni-digital-videos.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/2e3896b4-28f5-423c-ab4a-a393bd816138/featured/hero-1782420812551.png","publishDate":"2019-01-15T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.4103/sni.sni_293_18","categories":["Neuroendoscopy","Letter to the Editor"],"fullTextUrl":"http://surgicalneurologyint.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/9166/SNI-10-4.pdf"}