{"id":"581dd09d-4f48-42b4-916a-4751caff54e5","slug":"prognostic-value-of-the-preoperative-immunological-profile-in-patients-with-glioblastoma","title":"Prognostic value of the preoperative immunological profile in patients with glioblastoma","authors":["Konstantinos Gousias","Spiridon Voulgaris","Georgios Vartholomatos","Paraskevi Voulgari","Athanasios P. Kyritsis","Markella Markou"],"abstract":"Background: Aim of our study was to determine the predictive impact of certain serum immunological markers on overall survival (OS) in patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Methods: We assayed prospectively values of interleukin 2 (IL-2), immunoglobulin G (IgG), C4, CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ cells via flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radial immunodiffusion in preoperative sera of adult patients with de novo histologically confirmed supratentorial GBM. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess clinical, laboratory, and treatment prognostic factors for OS. Results: Twenty-six consecutive patients were identified with a mean age of 59.6 years. Median follow up was 12 months. Lower IL-2 values (P = 0.029) und CD4+ counts (P P = 0.011). Further independent prognostic factors for OS were type of resection (resection vs. biopsy) and administration of radiotherapy (yes/no). Conclusion: Preoperative values IL-2 and CD4+ cells in sera may carry a prognostic impact. Novel diagnostic models prior to histopathological confirmation may be used to predict prognosis of patients with GBM. Future studies should investigate whether targeting immune factors, such as CD4+ and IL-2, may improve the prognosis of patients with GBM.","thumbnailUrl":"https://sni-digital-videos.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/581dd09d-4f48-42b4-916a-4751caff54e5/featured/hero-1782420799110.png","publishDate":"2014-06-07T00:00:00.000Z","doi":"10.4103/2152-7806.134104","categories":["Original Article"],"fullTextUrl":"https://surgicalneurologyint.com/api/articles/581dd09d-4f48-42b4-916a-4751caff54e5/pdf"}