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Subdural drain with Nelaton catheter and latex glove, a low-cost alternative and how to make it
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: One of the most commonly encountered surgical pathologies in neurosurgical practice worldwide is subdural hematoma. The use of prefabricated drains following surgical procedures is widely recommended. However, their availability can be inconsistent due to various issues.
Functionally dependent status is an independent predictor for worse perioperative outcomes following craniotomy for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a medical emergency, and functional status is often a predictor of adverse outcomes perioperatively. Patients with different functional statuses may have different perioperative outcomes during surgery for aSAH. This study retrospectively examines the effect of functional status on specific perioperative outcomes in patients receiving craniotomy for aSAH.
Massive calvarial melioidosis abscess following minor trauma in rural areas of Thailand
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: Melioidosis is uncommon but endemic in Southeast Asia and parts of Northern Australia. Cerebral melioidosis is rare but can be spread through several routes, such as hematogenous spreading or the direct inoculation of organisms from wound contamination with soil. It can cause devastating sequelae if the treatment is delayed. However, with early and adequate treatment, patients can recover and have a good quality of life.
Total removal of anaplastic meningioma infiltrating an artery by performing an A3–A3 side-to-side anastomosis
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: Meningiomas are histologically benign tumors and generally have a good prognosis. However, some are classified as high-grade meningiomas due to their strong invasion of surrounding tissues and high postoperative recurrence rates, resulting in a poor prognosis. Postoperative radiotherapy is often administered for the most malignant anaplastic meningiomas; however, its contribution to improving prognosis and reducing recurrence rates in patients with residual tumors is limited.
A case of immunocompetent intracranial cryptococcoma in which intraoperative rapid pathological diagnosis and polymerase chain reaction led to early treatment: What to know to avoid misdiagnosis as brain tumor
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: Cryptococcal infections of the central nervous system are infrequent in immunocompetent hosts and usually present as meningitis. However, a fungal mass called a cryptococcoma may form, requiring caution in therapeutic intervention. Here, we report a rare case in which treatment of intraventricular cryptococcoma in an immunocompetent patient was facilitated by rapid pathological diagnosis.
Burkholderia cepacia cervical spondylodiscitis in a 39-year-old immunocompetent woman after a rhinoplasty: A case report and review of literature
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: Burkholderia cepacia has been described as a rare etiology for spondylodiscitis (SD) after surgical procedures.
Perspective: Risks/adverse events for epidural spinal injections
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: Despite the lack of FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approval, cervical and lumbar epidural spinal injections are frequently performed in the US to address back pain and/or painful radiculopathy. The three major types of injections include; interlaminar/translaminar (ESI), transforaminal (TFESI), or caudal injections. Notably, most studies document little to no clear short-term, and no long-term benefits/efficacy for these injections vs. various placebos.
Emerging therapies for immunomodulation in traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a significant global health burden, often leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Mounting evidence underscores the intricate involvement of dysregulated immune responses in TBI pathophysiology, highlighting the potential for immunomodulatory interventions to mitigate secondary injury cascades and enhance patient outcomes. Despite advancements in treatment modalities, optimizing therapeutic strategies remains a critical challenge in TBI management. To address this gap, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to rigorously evaluate the efficacy and safety of emerging immunomodulatory therapies in the context of TBI.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunopositive neuroglial tissues with or without ependyma-lined canal in spinal lipoma of filar type: Relationship with retained medullary cord
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: Retained medullary cord (RMC) and filar lipomas are believed to originate from secondary neurulation failure; filar lipomas are reported to histopathologically contain a central canal-like ependyma-lined lumen with surrounding neuroglial tissue with ependyma-lined central canal (NGT w/E-LC) as a remnant of the medullary cord, which is a characteristic histopathology of RMC. With the addition of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostaining, we reported the presence of GFAP-positive NGT without E-LCs (NGT w/o E-LCs) in RMC and filar lipomas, and we believe that both have the same embryopathological significance.
Spinal cord infarction: A systematic review and meta-analysis of patient’s characteristics, diagnosis accuracy, management, and outcome
Date of publication: 13-Sep-2024
Background: Acute spinal cord infarction (SCI) is a rare ischemic vascular lesion. It is difficult to diagnose during the acute phase because the clinical features can vary widely, and the diffusion-weighted imaging of spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) often fails to detect any obvious abnormality. The first aim of this study was to describe the SCI patients’ characteristics, evaluate the accuracy of its diagnosis tools and management, and then find the strength of the effect of spinal surgical decompression on the patient’s outcome.
